Long forms, contracted forms (short forms) of auxiliaries এর শর্ট ফর্ম লং ফ্রম

1. To be (am, are, is)

Affirmative

Negative

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I am

I'm

I am not

I'm not

you are

you're

you are not

you're not

you aren't

he is

he's

he is not

he's not

he isn't

she is

she's

she is not

she's not

she isn't

it is

it's

it is not

it's not

it isn't

we are

we're

we are not

we're not

we aren't

you are

you're

you are not

you're not

you aren't

they are

they're

they are not

they're not

they aren't

2. To be (was, were)

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, he, she, it

I was

---

I was not

I wasn't

we, you, they

we were

---

we were not

you weren't

 

3. Have (got)

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, we, you, they

I have got

I've got

we have not got

we haven't got

we've not got*

he, she, it

she has got

she's got

she has not got

she hasn't got

she's not got*

 

3. Have (got)

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, we, you, they

I have got

I've got

we have not got

we haven't got

we've not got*

he, she, it

she has got

she's got

she has not got

she hasn't got

she's not got*

* This form is rarely used.

 

4. Had (got)

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, he, she, it, we, you, they

I had got

I'd got

we had not got

we hadn't got

we'd not got*

* This form is rarely used.

5. Do

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, we, you, they

I do

---

we do not

we don't

he, she, it

she does

---

she does not

she doesn't

6. Did

 

Affirmative

Negative

Pronoun

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

I, he, she, it, we, you, they

we did

---

we did not

we didn't

 

7. Modals (can, could, must, might, will, would, shall, should, ought to)

Affirmative

Negative

Long form

Contracted form

Long form

Contracted form

can

-

Cannot

can't

could

-

could not

couldn't

must

-

must not

mustn't

might

-

might not

--

need

-

need not

needn't

will

'll

will not

won't

would

'd

would not

wouldn't

shall

-

shall not

shan't

should

'd

should not

shouldn't

ought to

-

ought not to

oughtn't to

The short/contracted forms’ and’s have two different long forms:

  • he's = he is or he has
  • he'd = he would or he had

We seldom use short/contracted forms after names and nouns.

  • Peter has got a book. = Peter's got a book.
  • The children have visited London. = The children visited London.

If have is a full verb, we do not use the short form.

  • They have breakfast at 6 o'clock.

 

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